What are the main risk factors for developing endometrial cancer?

 

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common types of cancer affecting women, particularly after menopause. It begins in the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium, and can lead to serious health complications if not detected and treated early. Understanding the risk factors that contribute to the development of endometrial cancer is essential for early detection, prevention, and effective management.

One of the most significant risk factors for endometrial cancer is obesity. Excess body fat increases the production of estrogen, a hormone that stimulates the growth of the uterine lining. When estrogen levels remain high without being balanced by progesterone, it can lead to abnormal cell growth, increasing the risk of cancer. Studies show that women who are obese have two to four times higher chances of developing endometrial cancer compared to women with a healthy weight.

Hormonal imbalances also play a crucial role. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which causes irregular ovulation and hormone disruption, can increase the risk of endometrial cancer. Women undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen alone, without the addition of progesterone, are at higher risk because of continuous estrogen stimulation of the endometrium.

Another important factor is age. The majority of endometrial cancer cases occur in women over the age of 50, particularly after menopause, when hormonal fluctuations can affect the uterine lining. As a woman ages, the risk of abnormal cell development increases, making regular check-ups essential for early diagnosis.

A family history of cancer, especially endometrial or colorectal cancer, can also increase the risk. Genetic conditions like Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) significantly raise the chances of developing endometrial cancer due to inherited genetic mutations.

Other factors contributing to endometrial cancer risk include diabetes, high blood pressure, a sedentary lifestyle, and early onset of menstruation or late menopause, which extend the period of estrogen exposure. Additionally, women who have never been pregnant (nulliparous women) face a slightly higher risk compared to those who have had children.

Early symptoms of endometrial cancer may include abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, and unusual vaginal discharge. It is important not to ignore these warning signs and consult a medical expert as soon as possible. The Best Endometrial Cancer Doctor in Vaishali offers comprehensive care, including expert diagnosis through advanced imaging and biopsy, personalized treatment plans, and effective preventive strategies.

Early consultation with a specialist helps in timely detection, which is critical for successful treatment. The Best Endometrial Cancer Doctor in Vaishali emphasizes patient education, lifestyle modifications, and regular screenings to reduce the risk and support overall reproductive health.

By focusing on a healthy diet, regular exercise, managing weight, and seeking timely medical advice, women can significantly reduce their risk of endometrial cancer and maintain a healthier life.